Filter capacitors, inductors-mode inductor, da Magnetic beads sune adadi na gama gari a cikin da'irori na ƙirar EMC, kuma kayan aiki ne masu ƙarfi guda uku don kawar da tsangwama na lantarki.
Don rawar waɗannan ukun a cikin kewayawa, na yi imani akwai injiniyoyi da yawa ba su fahimta ba, labarin daga ƙirar cikakken bincike na ka'idar kawar da kaifi uku EMC.
1.Tace capacitor
Ko da yake resonance na capacitor ba a so daga ra'ayi na tace daga high-mita amo, resonance na capacitor ba ko da yaushe cutarwa.
Lokacin da aka ƙayyade yawan ƙarar da za a tace, za'a iya daidaita ƙarfin capacitor ta yadda ma'anar resonant kawai ta faɗi akan mitar damuwa.
A cikin aikin injiniya mai amfani, yawan amo na lantarki da ake tacewa yakan kai ɗaruruwan MHz, ko ma fiye da 1GHz. Don irin wannan hayaniyar mitar lantarki, ya zama dole a yi amfani da capacitor ta hanyar-core don tacewa yadda ya kamata.
Dalilin da ya sa talakawa capacitors ba za su iya tace amo mai girma da kyau ba saboda dalilai biyu:
(1) Dalili ɗaya shi ne cewa inductance na capacitor gubar yana haifar da resonance capacitor, wanda ke ba da babban cikas ga siginar mai girma, kuma yana raunana tasirin kewayawa na siginar mai girma;
(2) Wani dalili kuma shi ne ƙarfin ƙarfin parasitic tsakanin wayoyi da ke haɗa siginar mita mai girma, yana rage tasirin tacewa.
Dalilin da yasa capacitor ta hanyar-core zai iya tace sauti mai girma da kyau shine cewa ta hanyar-core capacitor ba wai kawai ba shi da matsalar cewa inductance gubar yana haifar da mitar sautin capacitor ya yi ƙasa sosai.
Kuma ana iya shigar da capacitor ta hanyar-core kai tsaye a kan sashin ƙarfe, ta yin amfani da sashin ƙarfe don taka rawar keɓancewa mai girma. Koyaya, lokacin amfani da capacitor ta hanyar-core, matsalar da za a kula da ita ita ce matsalar shigarwa.
Babban rauni na capacitor ta hanyar-core shine tsoron babban zafin jiki da tasirin zafin jiki, wanda ke haifar da matsaloli masu yawa lokacin walda capacitor ta hanyar-core zuwa sashin ƙarfe.
Yawancin capacitors sun lalace yayin walda. Musamman ma idan ana bukatar a sanya core capacitor masu yawa a jikin panel din, muddin aka samu lalacewa, da wuya a gyara shi, domin idan aka cire capacitor din da ya lalace, zai yi illa ga sauran na’urorin da ke kusa.
2.Common yanayin inductance
Tunda matsalolin da EMC ke fuskanta galibi tsoma bakin yanayi ne na gama gari, inductor na yanayin gama gari suma ɗaya ne daga cikin abubuwan da muke amfani da su masu ƙarfi.
Inductor na gama-gari shine na'urar tsoma baki ta yanayin gama gari tare da ferrite a matsayin ainihin, wanda ya ƙunshi coils guda biyu na girman iri ɗaya da adadin juye-juye iri ɗaya da rauni a kan ma'aunin ferrite zoben maganadisu iri ɗaya don samar da na'urar tasha huɗu, wanda yana da babban tasiri na kashe inductance don siginar yanayin gama gari, da ƙaramin ƙyalli don siginar yanayin banbanta.
Ka'idar ita ce lokacin da yanayin yau da kullun na yau da kullun ke gudana, ƙarfin maganadisu a cikin zoben maganadisu yana mamaye juna, don haka suna da inductance mai yawa, wanda ke hana yanayin yanayin gama gari, kuma lokacin da coils biyu ke gudana ta hanyar yanayin halin yanzu, ƙarfin maganadisu yana gudana ta hanyar yanayin halin yanzu. a cikin Magnetic zobe soke juna, kuma akwai kusan babu inductance, don haka bambanci yanayin halin yanzu iya wuce ba tare da attenuation.
Don haka, inductor na yanayin gama gari zai iya danne siginar katsalandan na yanayin gama gari cikin madaidaicin layi, amma ba shi da wani tasiri akan watsa siginar na yau da kullun.
Ya kamata inductors na yau da kullun su cika buƙatu masu zuwa lokacin da aka kera su:
(1) Wayoyin da aka raunata a kan tushen coil ya kamata a keɓe su don tabbatar da cewa babu gajeriyar da'ira tsakanin jujjuyawar coil a ƙarƙashin aikin wuce gona da iri;
(2) Lokacin da nada ke gudana ta cikin babban halin yanzu na nan take, ƙarfin maganadisu bai kamata ya cika ba;
(3) Dole ne a keɓance ma'aunin maganadisu a cikin na'urar daga na'urar don hana rushewa tsakanin su biyun ƙarƙashin aikin wuce gona da iri;
(4) Ya kamata a raunata coil ɗin a cikin Layer guda gwargwadon iyawa, ta yadda za a rage ƙarfin ƙarfin nada da haɓaka ƙarfin na'urar don isar da wuce gona da iri.
A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, yayin da ake kula da zaɓin rukunin mitar da ake buƙata don tacewa, mafi girman girman yanayin yanayin gama gari, mafi kyau, don haka muna buƙatar duba bayanan na'urar yayin zaɓar inductor na gama-gari, galibi bisa ga lankwasa mitar impedance.
Bugu da ƙari, lokacin zabar, kula da tasirin tasirin yanayin bambancin yanayin akan siginar, galibi yana mai da hankali kan yanayin yanayin bambance-bambance, musamman kula da tashar jiragen ruwa masu sauri.
3.Magnetic bead
A cikin tsarin ƙirar dijital da'ira na EMC, galibi muna amfani da beads na maganadisu, kayan ferrite shine ƙarfe-magnesium gami ko baƙin ƙarfe-nickel gami, wannan kayan yana da babban ƙarfin maganadisu, yana iya zama inductor tsakanin jujjuyawar murɗa a yanayin yanayi mai girma. mita da kuma babban juriya haifar capacitance m.
Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da kayan Ferrite a manyan mitoci, saboda a ƙananan mitoci manyan halayen inductance nasu suna sa asarar kan layi kaɗan kaɗan. A maɗaukakin mitoci, galibin halayen halayen amsawa ne kuma suna canzawa tare da mita. A aikace-aikace masu amfani, ana amfani da kayan ferrite azaman manyan masu rage mitar mitar rediyo.
A gaskiya ma, ferrite ya fi dacewa da daidaitattun juriya da inductance, juriya yana da gajeren lokaci ta hanyar inductor a ƙananan mita, kuma inductor impedance ya zama mai girma a babban mita, don haka halin yanzu duk yana wucewa ta juriya.
Ferrite na'ura ce mai cinyewa wacce ake juyar da makamashi mai yawa zuwa makamashin zafi, wanda aka ƙaddara ta halayen juriyar wutar lantarki. Ferrite Magnetic beads suna da mafi kyawun halayen tacewa fiye da inductor na yau da kullun.
Ferrite yana da juriya a mitoci masu yawa, daidai da inductor tare da ƙarancin inganci, don haka yana iya kiyaye ƙaƙƙarfan rashin ƙarfi akan kewayon mitar mai fa'ida, ta haka yana haɓaka ingantaccen tacewa mai yawa.
A cikin ƙananan mitar band, impedance ya ƙunshi inductance. A ƙananan mita, R yana da ƙananan ƙananan, kuma ƙarfin maganadisu na ainihin yana da girma, don haka inductance yana da girma. L yana taka muhimmiyar rawa, kuma tsangwama na lantarki yana danne ta hanyar tunani. Kuma a wannan lokacin, asarar Magnetic core karami ne, duk na'urar tana da ƙarancin hasara, babban halayen Q na inductor, wannan inductor yana da sauƙi don haifar da resonance, don haka a cikin ƙananan mitar band, wani lokacin ana iya haɓaka tsangwama. bayan amfani da ferrite Magnetic beads.
A cikin babban mitar band, impedance ya ƙunshi abubuwan juriya. Yayin da mitar ke ƙaruwa, ƙarfin ƙarfin maganadisu yana raguwa, yana haifar da raguwar inductance na inductor da raguwa a cikin ɓangaren reactance na inductive.
Duk da haka, a wannan lokacin, asarar ƙarfin maganadisu yana ƙaruwa, ɓangaren juriya yana ƙaruwa, yana haifar da karuwa a cikin jimlar impedance, kuma lokacin da sigina mai girma ya wuce ta cikin ferrite, tsangwama na electromagnetic yana shiga cikin tsari. na zubar da zafi.
An yi amfani da abubuwan da ke hana ferrite sosai a cikin bugu na allon kewayawa, layin wuta da layin bayanai. Misali, ana ƙara nau'in ferrite zuwa ƙarshen mashigai na igiyar wutar lantarki na allo don tace tsangwama mai tsayi.
Zoben maganadisu na Ferrite ko ƙwanƙwasa maganadisu ana amfani dashi musamman don murkushe tsangwama mai girma da kuma tsangwama kololuwa akan layukan sigina da layukan wuta, kuma yana da ikon ɗaukar kutsewar bugun bugun bugun jini. Amfani da guntu beads na maganadisu ko guntu inductor ya dogara da aikace-aikacen aiki.
Ana amfani da inductor na guntu a cikin da'irar resonant. Lokacin da ake buƙatar kawar da hayaniyar EMI mara amfani, amfani da guntu ƙwanƙwasa maganadisu shine mafi kyawun zaɓi.
Aikace-aikace na guntu Magnetic beads da guntu inductor
Chip inductors:Mitar rediyo (RF) da sadarwa mara waya, kayan fasahar bayanai, na'urorin gano radar, na'urorin lantarki na kera motoci, wayoyin hannu, pagers, kayan sauti, mataimakan dijital na sirri (PDAs), tsarin kula da nesa mara waya, da ƙananan kayan samar da wutar lantarki.
Chip Magnetic Beads:Da'irori masu samar da agogo, tacewa tsakanin analog da da'irori na dijital, masu haɗin I/O / fitarwa na ciki (kamar jerin tashoshin jiragen ruwa, tashar jiragen ruwa iri ɗaya, maɓallai, beraye, sadarwa mai nisa, cibiyoyin sadarwa na gida), da'irori RF da na'urorin dabaru masu saukin kamuwa zuwa tsangwama, tace manyan mitoci da aka gudanar da shisshigi a cikin da'irar samar da wutar lantarki, kwamfutoci, firintoci, na'urar rikodin bidiyo (VCRS), EMI amo a cikin tsarin talabijin da wayoyin hannu.
Naúrar Magnetic bead ita ce ohms, saboda naúrar Magnetic bead na ma'ana ne daidai da ƙayyadaddun da yake samarwa a wani mitar, kuma naúrar impedance shima ohms ne.
DATASHEET na Magnetic bead gabaɗaya zai samar da mitar da sifofin impedance na lanƙwasa, gabaɗaya 100MHz a matsayin ma'auni, alal misali, lokacin da mitar 100MHz lokacin da impedance na katakon maganadisu yayi daidai da 1000 ohms.
Don mitar band ɗin da muke son tacewa, muna buƙatar zaɓar mafi girman ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa, mafi kyau, yawanci zaɓi 600 ohm impedance ko fiye.
Bugu da kari, a lokacin da zabar Magnetic beads wajibi ne a kula da juzu'in na Magnetic beads, wanda kullum bukatar a derated da 80%, da kuma tasiri na DC impedance a kan irin ƙarfin lantarki ya kamata a yi la'akari lokacin amfani da ikon da'irori.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-24-2023
